出處 http://hf.doh.gov.tw/TDRF_HUAS/Huas/NoticeContent.aspx?NOTICE_CODE=33

根據衛生署96-98年兩年科技研究計畫[建立健康食品非預期反應之資料庫及通報系統以提升病人安全],依文獻歸納出銀杏與藥物之交互作用。

銀杏可能之副作用:

常見之副作用如腹瀉、暈眩、頭痛、噁心。嚴重不良反應:過敏、不正常出血、昏暈。

銀杏可能之交互作用:

 

併用藥物

交互作用

銀杏

Omeprazole

降低Omeprazole血中濃度1

Trazodone

造成過度鎮定效果而增加昏迷危險2

Risperidone

延緩Risperidone代謝,增加其副作用3

非類固醇抗發炎藥物

增加出血風險4

Cilostazol(Pletal)

增加出血風險5

Thiazide(hydrochlorothiazidechlorothiazidebendroflumethiazidebenzthiazidehydroflumethiazidemethyclothiazidepolythiazidetrichlormethiazide)

反而造成血壓上升6 (機轉不明)

BuspironeFluoxetine

使患者發生輕躁症(hypomanic episode)。可能增加血清素症候群(serotonin syndrome)風險,如高血壓、高體溫、意識狀態改變、肌躍症7

Valproate sodium

可能使癲癇復發8

Nicardipine

可能降低降血壓藥物作用9

Insulin

可能降低胰島素作用10

eoprostenol

可能增加出血風險11

文獻來源:

1. Yin OQ. Pharmacogenetics and herb-drug interactions: experience with Ginkgo biloba and omeprazole. Pharmacogenetics 2004;14:841-50.

2. Galluzzi S. Coma in a patient with Alzheimer’s disease taking low dose trazodone and ginkgo biloba. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2000;68:679–683.

3. Lin YY. Association between priapism and concurrent use of risperidone and ginkgo biloba. Mayo Clin Proc.2007;82(10):1289-1290.

4. Meisel C. Fatal intracerebral mass bleeding associated with ginkgo biloba and ibuprofen. Atherosclerosis 2003;167:367.

5. Aruna D. Pharmacodynamic interaction studies of Ginkgo biloba with cilostazol and clopidogrel in healthy human subjects. Br J Clin Pharamacol 2007;63:333-8.

6. Shaw D. Traditional remedies and food supplements. A 5-year toxicological study(1991-1995). Drug Safety 1997;17:342-56.

7. Spinella M. Hypomania induced by herbal and pharmaceutical psychotropic medicines following mild traumatic brain injury. Brain Inj 2002;16:359-67.

8. Granger AS. Ginkgo biloba precipitating epileptic seizures. Age and Ageing 2001;30:523-5.

9. Shinozuka K. Feeding of Ginkgo biloba extract(GBE) enhances gene expression of hepatic cytochrome P-450 and attenuates the hypotensive effect of nicardipine in rats. Life Sci 2002;70:2783-92.

10. Kudolo GB. The effect of 3-month ingestion of Ginkgo biloba extract on pancreatic beta-cell function in response to glucose loading in normal glucose tolerant individuals. J Clin Pharamacol. 2000 Jun;40(6):647-54.

11.Drug interaction checker. http://www.drugs.com/drug_interactions.php

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